PENGARUH LATIHAN GENGGAM BOLA KARET TERHADAPENINGKATAN TONUS OTOT PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK POST ARTERIOVENOUS SHUNT DI RUANGAN 2T RUMAH SAKIT GRANDMED LUBUK PAKAM TAHUN 2025

Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and Paired Samples t-test with a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that the average muscle tone before the intervention was 3.00 ± 1.188 and increased to 3.94 ± 1.211 after the therapy. The Paired Samples t-test revealed a significant difference in muscle tone before and after therapy (p-value = 0.000; p < 0.05), indicating that the rubber ball squeeze exercise positively influenced muscle tone improvement. Conclusion: Rubber ball squeeze exercise significantly increases muscle tone in chronic kidney disease patients post AV shunt. The improvement in muscle tone is assumed to occur because the exercise trains the hand and wrist muscles, enhances blood flow and oxygen delivery to muscle tissues, strengthens muscle contractions, and improves neuromuscular coordination and patient confidence.